Although the Ministry of Interior has existed since the early 1960s, its functions changed between 1977 and 1984, when it became the Ministry of Local Governments and Rural Development. After restoration under Law No. 30 of 30 July 1984, its duties were clearly defined.

Somalia is now a federal country. The ministry is the Ministry of Interior, Federal Affairs & Reconciliation, operating under the Provisional Constitution of 1 August 2012.